An evaluation of the use of defeat-induced loss of status in the rat as a model of loss of self-esteem and depression in humans

1998 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynne P. Marrow ◽  
Paul F. Brain
Keyword(s):  
Self Esteem ◽  
Loss Of Self

FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH PARTIAL REMISSION IN DEPRESSION

1999 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter L. Cornwall ◽  
Jan Scott
Keyword(s):  
Partial Remission ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Full Remission ◽  
Loss Of Self ◽  
Observer Ratings

We report a subgroup analysis of 24 out of 42 subjects who were hospitalized for non-psychotic major depressive disorder and who agreed to participate in interviews at admission and 2 years afterwards (as reported previously by Domken, Scott, & Kelly, 1994; Bothwell & Scott, 1997). At 2 year follow-up, these 24 subjects were categorized according to established criteria into clients meeting criteria for full remission (FR; n=9) and those meeting criteria for partial remission (PR; n=15). The most striking findings were that, over time, PR subjects showed significant loss of self-esteem and showed greater divergence in self-ratings compared to observer ratings of their depressive symptoms, whilst the same ratings in the FR group changed in the opposite direction. We suggest that the persistence of depression in PR subjects may provide evidence to support Teasdale’s (1988) hypothesis that some individuals “get depressed about being depressed”. The research and clinical implications of the results are noted.

scholarly journals PSYCHOLOGICAL VIOLENCE CONSEQUENCES FOR DIFFERENT AGE CATEGORIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 224 ◽  
pp. 6-13
Author(s):  
L.R. Aptikieva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Physical Nature ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Psychological Violence ◽  
Building Relationships ◽  
Heart Attacks ◽  
Loss Of Self ◽  
Personality Changes ◽  
Traumatic Effect

An increase in the number of victims of psycho-violence, which has a traumatic effect on the personality, causing emotional stress, stress, discomfort, and depression, necessitates studying the consequences of psycho-violence for different age categories. Three categories of manifestations of psycho-violence are distinguished: verbal aggression; dominant behavior; manifestations of jealousy that affect the victim of violence in different ways. Violations developing after the experienced psycho-violence affect all levels of an individual’s functioning and lead to sustainable personality changes. Objective: to identify the consequences of psycho-violence for different age categories. My theoretical study of the consequences of psycho-violence for different age categories made it possible to identify specific features of the consequences for different age categories. Consequences for children: sleep disturbances; hyperreactivity; impaired memory and concentration; irritability; a sharp decline in school performance; change of worldview; the emergence of many complexes; low self-esteem; maladaptation; health problems (various diseases occur); difficulty in building relationships; developmental delays (mental, emotional, speech); constant stress, fear, expectation of danger; suicidal tendency, asocial lifestyle. The consequences of psycho-violence in adults are disorders of a psychological and physical nature: sleep disturbances; nervous breakdowns; irritability; depression; anxiety; difficulty concentrating; panic conditions, heart attacks; loss of self-esteem; decreased self-esteem; violation of social relations; decrease in labor productivity. The consequences of psycho-violence for different age categories are different, the general thing is that violations affect all levels of a person’s functioning and lead to persistent personality changes.

Guilt and Punishment

2021 ◽  
pp. 121-152
Author(s):  
Bernard Reginster
Keyword(s):  
Self Esteem ◽  
Loss Of Self

This chapter focuses on the genealogical account of guilt and punishment. I argue that Nietzsche’s focus on the relation between guilt and indebtedness is highly significant: it allows one to understand how punishment (or penance) can expunge guilt, by constituting an alternative way of repaying a debt. I argue that Nietzsche analyses guilt as a loss of self-esteem that accompanies the failure to keep faith with one’s commitments (understood as promises), rather than as a fear of the painful consequences incurred for breaking them. I then turn to his analysis of “bad conscience,” or conscience that speaks in a primarily admonishing and critical voice. Nietzsche locates its origin in the adoption of “negative ideals,” or ideals of self-denial or self-mastery, motivated by the ressentiment aroused by the constraints of socialization. The combination of these two trends then produces the concept of “guilt before God.”

Leaving Sport

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey J. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Social Connectedness ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Government Programs ◽  
Assistance Programs ◽  
Loss Of Self ◽  
Athletes With Disabilities ◽  
Elite Level ◽  
Lifestyle Physical Activity ◽  
Fitting In ◽  
Or Manager

This chapter addresses the unique difficulties that disabled athletes face upon leaving sport. For instance, because athletes with disabilities tend to have less social connectedness than that of able-bodied athletes, further reducing it upon leaving a team may be problematic. Retiring athletes also experience numerous barriers to fitting in lifestyle physical activity and formal exercise. Hence they are at risk for overweight, obesity, and associated hypokinetic diseases. Athletes with disabilities are often intensely committed to sport, have strong and sometimes exclusive athletic identities, and disregard other important aspects of life. As a result, upon leaving sport they might experience a range of negative emotions, such as loss of self-esteem. At the same time, many athletes make the transition out of sport with relatively minor anguish. In some cases athletes look forward to leaving daily hard practices behind and embrace the opportunity to have more time to pursue other interests. For some athletes the difficulty of a transition is eased by remaining in sport as a coach or manager. Government programs are being developed for elite-level athletes , such as career assistance programs, to help athletes’ successful transition out of sport and into careers.

Defense Mechanisms

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phebe Cramer
Keyword(s):  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Everyday Functioning ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Loss Of Self ◽  
Mental Operations ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Unconscious Mind

Defense mechanisms are mental operations that function outside of awareness. In this sense, they operate in the unconscious mind. Such mechanisms were first identified by Sigmund Freud in connection with psychopathology but later were understood to be part of normal everyday functioning. Defenses serve the purpose of protecting the individual from excessive anxiety and loss of self-esteem. Defense mechanisms have been found to change with age, based on the complexity of the mental operations involved. Once a child understands how a defense mechanism functions, the mechanism tends to be used less frequently and a cognitively more complex mechanism is adopted.

scholarly journals Political Satire of M . Zadornov as a Tool for Patriotic Mobilization of the Russian Society in 2000–2010 Years

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 98-102
Author(s):  
I . I . Kalitko
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Shock Therapy ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Political Satire ◽  
Loss Of Self ◽  
Policy Problems

The article is devoted to the study of the national policy problems in Russia in the 2000s. It examines such concepts as “cultural and supranational identity”, “ideology”, “spontaneous patriotism” and “patriotic mobilisation”. Periods of “perestroika” and “shock therapy” seriously influenced not only the socioeconomic state of society but also served as an impetus for the collapse of cultural identity, liberalisation of ideological orientations. It also had severe cultural and psychological consequences for Russian society, expressed in the loss of self-esteem, patriotism and the emergence of a complex of national inferiority. The article examines the features of the revival of cultural identity and patriotic mobilisation on the example of the Russian government’s action in 2000–2010, as well as the influence of informal tools for the formation and implementation of national policy through the ideological reprogramming of society using political satire of M. N. Zadornov.

scholarly journals Counseling in psoriasis: overcoming the concerns and challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 876
Author(s):  
Kiran Godse ◽  
S. G. Parasramani ◽  
Abhishek De ◽  
Nitesh Kumar Singh ◽  
Pallavi Kawatra
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Loss Of Self ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Psychosocial Consequences ◽  
Discontinuation Of Treatment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Term Management

<p>Psoriasis is a systemic, immune-mediated disorder, characterized by systemic inflammation predominantly in skin and joints with significant physical and psychosocial consequences. It is a chronic disease with an unpredictable journey consisting of flares and remissions.  Psoriasis has also been linked to loss of self-esteem in patients, depression and suicidal tendencies. In addition, it also contributes to financial burden due to the long-term management. This results in negative impact on the caregivers and family of the patient. Due to these multiple factors, there has been low compliance to therapy and higher likelihood of discontinuation of treatment. Considering the emotional aspect involved in this disease, counseling of the patients becomes one of the integral pillars for the management of the disease. Hence, the clinician’s role becomes significant, due to limited access to counselors, therapists and social groups, in our country. The present reviewdescribes the impact of psoriasis on the patient’s life and the practical approaches that may be taken to counsel the patient of psoriasis.</p>

scholarly journals Depression on Transvestites towards Community Acceptance Based on Demographics, Principles and Beliefs at the Deli Serdang, Medan

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (16) ◽  
pp. 2688-2690
Author(s):  
Starki Starki ◽  
Mustafa M. Amin
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Normative Structure ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Community Acceptance ◽  
Loss Of Self

BACKGROUND: Transvestites are often excluded and even get discriminatory treatment. People feel that the values adopted are contrary to the existence of transvestites amid society. The community generally has a normative structure; a man becomes a man with his masculinity and a woman is returned to women with her femininity and is positioned to pair up. CASE REPORT: We found depressed patients in a transvestite, 21-year-old male, a Malay tribe with complaints of loss of self-confidence, lack of cheerfulness, lack of enthusiasm, easily tired and unable to sleep. Feeling family and community cannot accept their conditions. Mockery, ridicule and satire by citizens must be received every day by patients and families because the patient is a transvestite. CONCLUSION: As a conclusion from this case report that the attitude of the dominant community isolates transvestites, there is still much discriminative behaviour and harassing transvestites so that self-esteem decreases, loss of interest even until the occurrence of depression in transvestites.

Het littekeneffect: de blijvende invloed van langdurige werkloosheid op welzijn

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter H. van der Meer ◽  
Nick Mulder
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Multilevel Analyses ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Loss Of Self ◽  
The Unemployed

The scarring effect: the lasting impact of long-term unemployment on wellbeing In this article we answer the question whether the scarring effect of unemployment lasts into retirement. This is an interesting question because the answer provides insights into the explanation of this scarring effect. If pensioners are scarred by unemployment than this suggests that the scar is caused by a loss of self-esteem. If pensioners don't have the scar than this suggests that the scar among employed is explained by either a scaring effect or by not abiding social norms. Our multilevel analyses of data for 25 countries that participated in the European Social Survey showed that pensioners do have such a scar. Pensioners who have been unemployed for at least three months have a lower level of subjective well-being than pensioners who were never unemployed. This shows that unemployment coincides with a loss of self-esteem. It is an additional argument why governments should give a higher level of priority in combatting unemployment to avoid social losses, not only for the unemployed but for the pensioners as well.

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